Merleau-Ponty on Beauvoirs Literary-Philosophical Method :: Philosophy Philosophical Papers

Merleau-Ponty on Beauvoir's Literary-Philosophical Method ABSTRACT: Modern philosophy from the mid-nineteenth century on, has been particularly interested in choosing, adapting, and in some cases inventing literary forms to fit the particular philosophical subject under investigation. Simone de Beauvoir, with her explicit rejection of any formalist division between literature and philosophy, is one of the most interesting contributors to the modern development of philosophical writing. The waters surrounding de Beauvoir’s contribution to philosophical method are somewhat muddled because the literary forms she used innovatively for philosophy — the novel and the short story — have (unlike, for example, the literary forms of Wittgenstein) resulted in writing which has been chiefly esteemed largely in terms of literature. In fact, many of her compositions rest simultaneously in both the categories of literature and philosophy. The significance of this aspect of her work was recognized by some of her contemporary philosophi cal associates, most particularly Merleau-Ponty. This paper draws on Merleau-Ponty to explore the philosophical ideas which inspired de Beauvoir’s methodology, and considers the nature and ramifications of her originality in terms of philosophy’s tradition of methodological diversity. 1. Philosophy's Literary Forms In this paper we want to examine a category error in which her fiction and philosophy are treated as mutually exclusive and separate categories. The underlying problem at work in contributing to this mistake is that of the conflation of a writerly form with the type of subject matter addressed by it. Falling into this confusion is particularly misleading for readers of Simone de Beauvoir because one of the most significant and fascinating aspects of her methodology lies in her explicit rejection of any formalist division between literature and philosophy. This is an intriguing aspect of her work which places it in an honourable and innovative philosophical position. It is not often enough noted that one part of the Western philosophical tradition — a part which is especially admirable — is the diversity of writerly forms which have proved useful to its major practitioners. The dialogues of Plato and Hume, the fables of the Enlightenment philosophers, the dramatic narrat ives of Kierkegaard, the parables and aphorisms of Nietzsche, as well as the essays of Kant and Sartre are all part of that heritage. Equally, the mathematician's "paper" used by Tarski and Russell, and the scientific paper adapted and made so fashionable by the logical positivists, and that strange literary form devised by Wittgenstein, so eccentric that it apparently remains without a name and yet has its antecedent in Spinoza's Ethics, all form part of the major lineage of ways in which philosophy has been successfully written.

History of Latin America: The Colonial to Contemporary Period Essay

The history of Latin America can only be understood in its relations with other countries and continents. Europe and Anglo-America play a huge role in shaping the history of Latin America from pre-colonial times to the contemporary period. The expansionist policies of colonizing countries clearly meddled with the history of Latin America. This is seen in the longstanding presence of dominant countries in the continent. The effects of these forces can be seen in the economy, politics, culture and history of Latin America. Interestingly, defining Latin America by presenting its history is a monumental task. For one, Latin America is not a homogenous continent. â€Å"It is an immense world region striving to establish its place in the new global order†¦ it is home to some 500 million people who well represent the rich racial and cultural diversity of the human family† (Vanden and Prevost 1). Rather than present Latin American history in the traditional historical framework—dates, geography, political successions—which is linear in nature, this essay resonates Eduardo Galeano’s depiction of Latin American history. This presentation is based on a number of facets of history that are suitable images of what Latin American peoples had collectively undergone. This essay seeks to present the history of Latin America from the colonial to contemporary period. Given the vast scope of the region’s history, specific thematic spheres are focal discussion points in this essay. The discussion will focus in terms of: slavery, foreign domination, agriculture structure, foreign debt, living standards and neo-liberalism. Lastly, the conclusion presents a synthesized view of Latin America’s history. Slavery One phenomenon collectively experienced by Latin America is slavery. The main reason for the interest of colonizers in Latin America is economic in nature. Slavery is a means of production whereby the mass production of goods from the colonizing countries would have free labor. Intensifying the capital would translate to a corresponding increase of productivity for the colonizer. Slavery took place almost immediately after the invasion of Latin American countries. It is tied to the new law and order promulgated by the ones in the bastion of power. Modem day transatlantic slave trade dated from 1519 to 1867; by 1530 the Spanish crown had authorized the spread of slavery to Puerto Rico, Cuba, and Jamaica† (Vanden and Prevost 33). The colonizers of Europe and the US had the â€Å"realization that new laborers, artisans, and those with other skills could add to the growing nations† (8). This means that slavery crept through the entire continent, every colonizer followed suit—fearing of lagging behind the economies of colonizers that are founded on slave labor—since then others have already adopted the practice of slavery. In the movie Burn, the island of Queimada is ravaged with unscrupulous practices of production. Slaves were used in the sugar plantations and manufacturing plants so that the profits are maximized (Burn 1969). Although, there are different forms of slavery within Latin America and in some countries, slavery as a tool for economic production even failed. The case of Brazil and the Carribean showed that resistance to slavery can be successful. â€Å"In northern Brazil and the Caribbean, native slavery failed, and the native peoples would not otherwise provide the abundant labor needed† (Vanden and Prevost 32). Foreign Domination Pre-colonial Latin America is isolated in nature: the economies there were â€Å"small local spheres that are isolated from events outside the valley, village or small town. † (146) Civilizations such as the Mayan, Mohican, etc. contributed to the breakdown of isolationism, although the collapse is only in economic terms and is limited only to the region. Less centralized societies existed before the foreign presence in the region and had been self-sustaining for centuries. â€Å"Latin American integration into the world economy only began when the Europeans arrived† (146). During the period of foreign domination, the breakdown of autonomy of the different facets of society became a massive and all-encompassing policy. Politics, culture, economics, social order, law and governance are all key positions held by foreign powers. The relationship between the empire and colonies is similar to the relationship of the slaves to their masters. Core-periphery relationship enabled the rich empires to continually develop at the expense of the peripheries. The decisions on resources, politics and over-all direction of the Latin America are done on foreign soil. Galeano points out that the expansionist policy of foreign colonizers had a push and a pull factor. The push factor is the desire of colonizers for glory. The first of the conquerors that came to Latin America are the Europeans notably the Spanish. Initially, the desire for glory drove explorers to different expeditions of other lands. The pull factor is the allure of the expeditionary forces to the vast riches of the region. â€Å"After the reports of the riches of the empire to the south had reached the Spanish settlement in Panama, considerable interest in conquest developed. Eventually, the Spanish came back with its conquistadores† (Galeano 27). The rest, as we now know from hindsight, is history. Agriculture Production Agricultural production in the Latin America became the fuel for development of the imperial global market. â€Å"At the same time, directly or indirectly but decisively, it spurred the growth of Dutch, French, English and United States industry. The demand for sugar produced the plantation, an enterprise motivated by†¦ profit and placed at the service of the international market that Europe is organizing. (Galeano 72). Agriculture production policies of the imperial powers deliberately shifted from small-scale farming into monocrop economies. â€Å"As national economies developed, regions and often whole nations became dedicated to monoculture—dedication to one crop or commodity. † (Vanden and Prevost 151). Colombia and El Salvador focused on selling coffee on the international market, Mexico and Venezuela were dependent on the petroleum commodity, Bolivia centered on tin. Coffee and bananas became the biggest agricultural products of Central America. From being self-sufficient agricultures, where people â€Å"nourished themselves on a balanced diet consisting of beans, corn, and squash,† (Vanden and Prevost 19), the shift into agro-industries is triggered by the principle of comparative advantage on the international market. Latin America at this point became a good source of raw materials and food for the imperialist states. The priority of agriculture in peripheries is always the self-serving interest of the US and Europe. While Brazil prospered due to its exports of sugarcane monoculture, the nation’s children ironically starved. Abundance and prosperity came hand in hand with chronic malnutrition and misery for most of the population† (Galeano 75). Foreign Debt At present Jamaica owes over $4. 5 billion to the IMF, the World Bank and the Inter-American Development Bank (IADB) among other international lending agencies yet the significant development that these loans have guaranteed have yet to manifest. The amounts of foreign exchange together with the structural adjustment policies have had a negative impact in the life of everybody. In another part of the movie, we can see the history of a chicken plant which had a good business selling high-quality chicken to the internal Jamaica market; but this business has been demoralize by U. S. ; while there are a lot of restriction on foods and goods imported into the U. S. there are regularly no restrictions on foods and goods exported to foreign developing country. (Life and Debt 2001). Jamaica is not alone in its debt crisis. After the shift from colonialism to the independence of Latin America, the new world order shifted its principles from liberalism to a neo-liberal, neo-colonial system. Virtually all of Latin America is on the throes of economic dependence on international financial institutions, namely the IMF and World Bank. The loans do not come without strings attached to it. Structural adjustment programs and stringent conditionalities essentially limit the capability of Latin America to compete at the global market. For instance, produce from Third World countries such as that in Latin America are penalized with tariffs and quotas as they enter First World markets, while finished products of the US and Europe find their ‘niche’ market in the Third World. The free play of supply and demand does not exist on the international market, the reality is a dictatorship of one group over the other† (Galeano 259). Conclusion: Global Economic Hegemony The alienation of the peoples of Latin America, their sufferings and collective aspirations juxtaposed with the injustices experienced within its history are the prime reasons for the regions revolutionary and bloody history. From slavery, to feudalism, to mercantilism, to capitalism, the world order had changed via neo-liberalism, neo-colonialism and globalization. Sadly, none of these modes of production had effectively benefitted Latin America. These different economic historical periods are only different forms of the same thing—inequalities, poverty, human rights abuses and a melange of problems that hound Latin America today. Since the colonial period, the grips of powerful nation states had never loosened on Latin America. It is a good source of raw materials, with cheap labor and also a good market for finished products. The international economic structures enabled â€Å"economic policy recommendations that are dominated by orthodox capitalist economic thinking† (Vanden and Prevost 165). Inequalities continue to exist and are even presented in smokescreens such as Free Trade, which is not free after all. The Global North competing in the international market against the Global South is a very one-sided economic structure that benefits the North at the expense of the South. The contemporary global economic hegemony is essential for the US and Europe, it is essential for their survival. Globalization shrank the world into a smaller entity but the international economy is still run by colonial powers. 21st century domination of the world does not come in barbaric way, the methods of coercion and domination are subtle yet they are as cruel and deadly as before. What had happened for the past centuries is an enslavement of Latin America and a raping of humanity by colonizers.

Analysis Of Martin Luther King Jr s Voice Echoed Across...

It has been half a century since Martin Luther King Jr’s voice echoed across the national mall with a message of optimism and unity to a quarter of a million Americans gathered to listen. A corner stone of American history now, the moment â€Å"I have a dream† first reached the eager ears of millions denied their due rights marks a turning point in American race relations. A period when black Americans would finally earn privileges long denied to them as citizens treated as anything but equals. Only, the story does not end with that speech. Racism and privilege cannot be erased overnight through legislation, indeed, it often hides in legislation. That is to say nothing of the deep, psychological and social constructs which allowed for the†¦show more content†¦In case after case, racism, privilege remains; to devastating effect. It was with a vigor and eloquence that Wise presented example after example which reminded the audience that the story of civil rights in America is still being written. It was perhaps inevitable that the discussion would turn to the politics of today, and Wise presented a fascinating, if damning examination of the movement which swept Donald J. Trump to the presidency. The core message, â€Å"Make America Great Again† and oft repeated calls to take America â€Å"back† clearly indicates an other that must be resisted and a return to a time when America was by no means great for all of its citizens. â€Å"By means of a radicalized nostalgia for a mythological past, the right is enlisting fearful whites into its campaign for reactionary social and economic policies.† Wise attributed much of Trump’s rise not to outright racism, but to a sense of betrayal rooted in the slow erosion of the American working class, the departure of manufacturing jobs and increasing income inequality. There is a â€Å"secular gospel [in the United States]†¦.if you just work hard you will make it and if you don’tShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagescentury. 3. Social history—20th century. 4. World politics—20th century. I. Adas, Michael, 1943– II. American Historical Association. D421.E77 2010 909.82—dc22 2009052961 The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1992 Printed in the United States of America 2 4 6 8 9 7 5 3 1 C ONTENTS Introduction Michael Adas 1 1 World Migration in the LongRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesbuilt-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore

Analysis Of Hills Like White Elephants - 1517 Words

Shivani Patel Hum 101-007 King, Paul 5 December 2015 Female Disempowerment in â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† In the story â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants,† Ernest Hemingway uses his in-depth ability of foreshadowing to provide the reader with little information on the stories background or future events to come. At first glance, the discussion that takes place in story seems like a minor argument between a couple at a train station in Spain. However, upon deeper analysis, this piece takes a stab at one of the touchiest subject’s world-wide - abortion. The female protagonist in this story, Jig, is pregnant and her partner, an American man, wants no part of the typical settled-down lifestyle. For some time the two have traveled around Europe with no true home and no set future. To him, this is the only way to live. The woman, however, sees a future at some point in time with a husband and children. Getting pregnant, to her, is a sign that the transition point in her life has come and she is rea dy to embrace it. The man, however, is unable to embrace this passage and uses his power to manipulate the woman in the direction of acquiring an abortion. The ways in which he abuses his power and coerces Jig to obey his will are devious and wobbly. From the very beginning, the man asserts his dominance and is relentless in his approach of dominating Jig. For one thing, the man is able to speak Spanish, and it becomes clear when the couple orders drinks and he isShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Hills Like White Elephants 1911 Words   |  8 PagesC2C Eric J Holm 10 Dec 2015 Dr. Van Nort Final Essay: â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† Jig’s Abortion through the Historical and Textual Lens â€Å"I know you wouldn’t mind it, Jig. It’s really not anything. It’s just to let the air in† (Hemingway 213). In Ernest Hemingway’s â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants,† an abortion is debated through subtleties, similes, and symbols. The abortion is never explicitly mentioned, but instead Hemingway leaves the reader to conclude what this â€Å"simple operation† really is (213)Read MoreHills Like White Elephants Analysis1803 Words   |  8 PagesSubject The text â€Å"Letting the air into a relationship: Metaphorical Abortion in ‘Hills Like White Elephants† by Wyche David aims at analyzing and synthesizing the short story by Hemingway â€Å"Hills like White†. The analysis would provide new knowledge to readers of the short story or provide the readers with a new point of view of analyzing it. The subject of the text is to present his ideas on the short story and well as critique other critics who had previously critiqued it. The story illustratesRead More Analysis of Hills Like White Elephants Essay1049 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis of Hills Like White Elephants â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†, by Ernest Hemingway, is a short story published in 1927 that takes place in a train station in Spain with a man and a woman discussing an operation. Most of the story is simply dialogue between the two characters, the American and Jig. This couple is at a critical point in their lives when they must decide whether or not to have an abortion. Certain themes arise from this story such as choices and consequences, doubtRead MoreStory Analysis of Hills Like White Elephants723 Words   |  3 PagesHills Like White Elephants Erich Auerbach wrote Mimesis in 1953 and used his theories about foreground and background to help in his analysis and understanding of the story of Odysseus. His analysis is appropriate for this one story but can also be applied to other stories wherein the truth of the tale is not expressed directly (Auerbach 3). Authors can instill additional meaning through the text by the tone that is set and the way dialogue is written. Background and foreground in this contextRead MoreCritical Analysis of Hills Like White Elephants923 Words   |  4 PagesMikhail Shimonov Professor Kaufman March 28, 2011 Critical Analysis of Hills like White Elephants At first glance, Hills like White Elephants by Ernest Hemingway, may allude to many interpretations, however, the short story has a clear purpose. Set in the Ebro River valley in Spain, the story looms around the issue brought forth by Jig and the American, who is nameless throughout the whole story. The issue here being the ‘simple operation’ that Jig is about to undergo which happens to be anRead MoreAnalysis Of Hills Like White Elephants 993 Words   |  4 PagesEnerest Hemingway’s short story titled Hills Like White Elephants, is a story that may seem as simple and plain as if not much is going on. However, the story is actually very intricate; the author was able to say a lot without using many words. The story is about a conversation between a man and girl who are waiting for a train in Spain. The couple are both distressed about how they should make a decision of whether to keep their baby, or terminate the pregnancy. Hemingway is able to say indirectlyR ead MoreFormalistic Analysis of Hills Like White Elephants825 Words   |  4 PagesIn an analysis of the story â€Å"Hills like white elephants† by Ernest Hemmingway, one is forced to take a deep look at the hidden meanings embedded in the story. Considering the point of view, the significance of the location and its relevance to the story, the structure of the text, the symbolic meaning of the two landscapes and the title of the story, the entrails of the story are exposed. Hemmingway’s story is written in an objective or dramatic point of view. The story is told primarily throughRead MoreHills Like White Elephants : A Critical Analysis1708 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†: A Critical Analysis Introduction: One of the many themes in his stories for which Ernest Heming way is known, includes feminism. At Hemingway’s time feminism was known as a famous movement and it affected many important writers like Octavia Butler and Virginia Woolf. Hemingway was a literary icon of his time and he was influenced by the political, social and human rights movements of his time. He was also touched by the hopelessness of women and how their thinkingRead MoreHills Like White Elephants Analysis773 Words   |  4 Pagesthem. â€Å"Hills like White Elephants,† a novel by Ernest Hemingway demonstrates this everyday struggle perfectly. â€Å"Hills like White Elephants,† is a short story about a conversation between an American man and a woman as they wait at a train for a train to Madrid. The couple obligingly discuss whats implied to be an abortion that the man wants the girl to have however her decision on whether to go through with it could heavily impact the future of their relatio nship. In â€Å"Hills like White Elephants,† ErnestRead MoreAnalysis Of Hills Like White Elephants1435 Words   |  6 PagesMany who have read â€Å"Hills like White Elephants† can agree that it is a hard story to comprehend. The meaning is hidden and has to be deciphered. When I found out the meaning I was blown away. I had no clue the story was about abortion. There are many views on whether the girl wants to go through with it or if the â€Å"American man† is forcing her. There are many facts that point to the conclusion that the man is forcing the girl to commit abortion. The language, tone and the setting all point to this

Hong Kong Reflections By John Carroll - 2205 Words

HONG KONG REFLECTIONS A Concise History Of Hong Kong was a prequel to one of the most fascinating places I have ever traveled to. Going through history class, and growing up, I had heard many stories of Hong Kong, China, Britain, and Japan, but I never realized how intertwined they truly were and how their stories were really told. John Carroll did a remarkable job setting the scene for what Hong Kong was, where they had been, and how they made it through all of it and came out with their own identity. Hong Kong is a bustling cosmopolitan city with many distinct features that separate it from a traditional Chinese territory. Hong Kong or the Fragrant Harbor is on the southern most coast, situated in between the Pearl River Estuary and†¦show more content†¦In reality, the picture in my head could not have been more wrong. Just after arrival on January 2, 2016, we got to really experience the gigantic proportion of the Hong Kong airport as compared to our little hub in Tulsa. After our time in the airport, we finally got on our journey to Kowloon Peninsula to our hotel. The MTR ride was very enlightening, and I remember feeling like a child in awe and merriment at all the fantastic sites that were before my eyes. I took a deep breath and promised myself that regardless of what happened and no matter what I would not ruin my trip with any negative thoughts. Professor Weaver reinforced this when he said, â€Å"you do not have to like it, but I encourage you to try it, and no whining†. I was going to try and replay everything that I had read and researched prior to the trip and see if I could remember the significance of the sites. Making my top ten list was a great way of making us choose what we felt was important for our journey and then going back and marking them off one by one. Sunday January 3, 2016, we were up early after a very long day of travel and a short night’s sleep. We gathered as a group and ventured to C3 church Hong Kong. We met a phenomenal woman Ming who was delightful from the first smile and handshake we received. Ming was a positive and a very devoted follower of God. Her Christianity spewed from her pores, but she was never in your face. She was a genuine and

Abbey Road by The Beatles free essay sample

Abbey Road. The Beatles final studio album..and one of their masterpieces. From the soothing tune of George Harrisons Something, to the rock and roll beat of John Lennons Come Together, this album is sure to please the Beatlemaniac and hater (yes, hater!) alike. My favorite track on this album has to be Here Comes the Sun. Its a sweet melody with hopeful lyrics. Its sure to cheer you up, so if youre ever feeling gloomy, this is the song for you. Yes, all the tracks, but this one is my personal favorite. If you are ever looking for something new and vaied, pick Abbey Road up and give it a try. Its sure to a favorite as it has been for millions of people from around thee globe. Abbey Road by The Beatles free essay sample In the beginning of the 1960s, America entered mass hysteria. This one was not caused by Orson Welles. It was caused by four young, talented boys from Liverpool, England. The Beatles consisted of Paul McCartney, who played bass, John Lennon, who played guitar, George Harrison, who also played guitar, and Ringo Starr, who played drums. 73 million people watched the Ed Sullivan Show as the Beatles played such classics as All My Loving and Till There Was You. Later on, in 1969, the album Abbey Road was released. The iconic cover shows the Beatles walking across a zebra crosswalk in front of Abbey Road, their recording studio. Even now, people walk across this to get their picture taken. There is actually an app that is a webcam of the Abbey Road crosswalk. This album was sadly the last album that the Beatles recorded together. The album featured awesome songs like Come Together, Something, Oh! Darling, and Here Comes the Sun. We will write a custom essay sample on Abbey Road by The Beatles or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Ringo wrote and sang lead vocals in the Yellow Submarine’s sequel, Octopus’s Garden. Ironically, Ringo had his first drum solo in a Beatles song in The End. After The End, a 23 second tune by Paul called Her Majesty plays, making it the shortest Beatles song. I love the Beatles. They are my and millions of other people’s favorite band. Abbey Road was released about a year before the Beatles broke up, and during their peak of fame and fans. My favorite songs on this album are Here Comes the Sun, Oh! Darling, Maxwell’s Silver Hammer, and The End. I like Here Comes the Sun because it is light, happy, and warm. Oh! Darling and Maxwell’s Silver Hammer have excellent vocals, both by Paul, and The End has an amazing use of instruments and great vocals. In conclusion, Abbey Road is a masterpiece. It is cool, powerful, and extraordinary, just like every one of their albums. You have not truly lived until you have listened to the Beatles. No band will ever be better than they were and still are. Abbey Road by The Beatles free essay sample When someone mentions the Beatles, what exactly do you think of? Do you think of a revolution in music? How the very standards of music were raised? Or do you think about a bunch of young lads that really needed a haircut? Well, no matter what it is that you think, these Fab Four gave music a whole new meaning. Right at the start of their careers in 1963 they were taking the charts by storm. Beginning with their album Please Please Me, records were flying off the shelves and their songs covering the charts. It is to no surprise that every single album of theirs has been critically acclaimed, making it difficult to review such masterworks. However, one album in particular sticks out from the rest of them. Recorded in 1969 and released the same year, Abbey Road is truly what music is all about. The lyrics were astounding, the beats unmatched and the meaning beyond compare. We will write a custom essay sample on Abbey Road by The Beatles or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It was the greatest example of how a band should have ended its careers. Interesting to note, this was the very last Beatles album to be done. Most tend to think that Let It Be was their last work, which it technically was being that it was released in 1970 (the same year they would break up); however, the making of Abbey Road took place AFTER the completion of Let It Be. The Beatles decided to release it before Let It Be because they fault that Let It Be appealed more to how they wanted to go. In fact, the very last song on Abbey Road is titled, â€Å"The End.† The album starts off with the song â€Å"Come Together†, which has become an anthem among fans as a song all about overcoming our differences and joining together in peace. It really drew the listener in quickly with its memorable bass line and unique drums sounds as contributed by McCartney and Starr, and with obscure, yet intriguing, lyrics by Lennon. Top it off with a simple yet addicting guitar riff by Harrison and you have already invited the listener to sit down and enjoy the next forty-five minutes of this record. Following the first track was the song â€Å"Something†, a piece contributed by Harrison to his then girlfriend Olivia and the greatest example of a love song. Due to its romantic lyrics and deep emotional meaning, it turned out to be one of the Beatles most successful songs. Frank Sinatra once quoted saying that Something is, â€Å"the greatest love song ever written.† Rest assured, shortly after Olivia ended up marrying George. Abbey Road was known to be one of the most experimented on records by the Beatles, and the song â€Å"Maxwell’s Silver Hammer† really proved that point. It was the first song to feature a synth and was panned by Lennon who quoted it as a â€Å"meaningless song about destruction and murder.† However, the most creative and well done song done for the album was â€Å"The Melody†. The Melody was composed of many short songs, those of which have been completed or uncompleted, and each previous song playing into the next. It starts out with You Never Gave Me Your Money, beginning with soft piano guys and a light bass/guitar riff and, at first, is a slow song but slowly progresses into a very jazzy and swinging song. This song demonstrated the band’s skills in being able to change the tempo and beat of a song without making it sound awkward or obvious. It slowly led into Sun King, a very soft and a track best described as a cross between easy-listening and country and sounds almost as if you are in a dream floating amongst the clouds as the beat gently beats you to sleep, but don’t sleep for long because the tempo is very unpredictable as it quickly picks up and leads into a three part song series made up of Mean Mr. Mustard, Polythene Pam and She Came In Through The Bathroom window. Just when you thought you finally figured out the song structure, you begin to hear the sound of a piano playing and joining with the sound of Paul’s heavenly and smooth voice, and finally mixed in with classical instruments to give you a tranquil and blissful lullaby which I consider the best contribution to Abbey Road; Golden Slumbers. This song would break up the Melody into two parts, with the final three tracks known as the Golden Slumbers Melody. The final song on the album, and the last song that the Beatles would work on together, was appropriately titled â€Å"The End†. The song picks up fast after the previous two slow songs and is the only Beatles song to feature a drum solo by Starr. They really went all out for this song as all the instruments combined to make a very fast and heavy sound, and they made it work well. With Paul’s voice booming through the microphone, he started to sing a song with one simple message, a m essage that will forever stay with me until the day I die; in the end, the love you take is equal to the love you make.

Jane Hodgson Vs. Minnesota Essays - Jane Elizabeth Hodgson

Jane Hodgson Vs. Minnesota Ravi Singhvi September 10, 2000 Legal Brief Title: Dr. Jane Hodgson v. Minnesota U.S. 417 Legal Issue: Whether or not Dr. Jane Hodgson actions were justifiable and if Minnesota's law against abortion is unconstitutional. Facts: According to Minnesota law Dr. Jane Hodgson performed an illegal abortion on April 29, 1970 on a Nancy Kay Widmyer. Dr. Jane Hodgson believed that the constitutional right of privacy is broad enough to encompass a woman's decision whether or not to terminate her pregnancy. She was arrested, tried and convicted of breaking Minnesota law on abortions. Arguments: The Minnesota law on abortions was infringing on the rights of privacy. If whether or not a few cells could be considered a human or not, Dr Hodgson was more concerned with the mother than a few cells in the body which would have let to life. The difficult life a baby with birth defects would have to live with it and the troubles the family would have to go through dealing with the child. Counter Argument: Against Minnesota law. Judgment: Chief Judge Edward J. Devitt, Judge Charles J. Vogel, along with Judge Philip Neville split 2-1. Judge Vogel dissented without leaving behind an opinion. While the other two judges verdict indicted Dr. Hodgson. The United States Supreme Court denied the appeal, because they did not want to interfere with a subject such as abortion. After the case of Roe v. Wade Dr. Hodgson's indictment was reversed. Holding: The state supreme courts Judges were strict Catholics making their opinion tainted. The state believed federal judges shouldn't interfere with state decisions. Roe v. Wade proves that a right to a woman's privacy is broad enough to encompass a woman's decision whether or not to terminate her pregnancy. Dr. Hodgson also argued out a case proving that it would be socially and family destructive if teens must tell their parents of their abortions 48 hours before. The law was later repealed and it was up to the teenager to inform her guardians. Conclusion: Dr. Jane Hodgson helped the entire woman across America to have control over her own pregnancy. Giving them the deciding factor of what they want to do with it weighing out the circumstances and the life of the child. Legal Issues